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Energy in Spain > Primary energy consumption
Primary energy consumption

Initial official 2011 data indicates that total energy consumption reached 130.2 million tonnes of oil equivalent (toe), similar to amounts recorded in previous years.

Primary energy consumption was affected by low economic activity and the mild climate experienced throughout the whole year.
PRIMARY ENERGY CONSUMPTION IN SPAIN INCLUDING ALL RENEWABLES (1)
 
 
  • Coal
  • Oil
  • Natural gas
  • Nuclear
  • Renewable Energy
  • -Hydraulic
  • -Wind
  • -Biomass and waste
  • -Biofuels
  • -Geothermal
  • -Solar
  • Elect. Balance (Im-Ex)
  • TOTAL
2008
Ktep.
  • 13.983
  • 68.182
  • 34.782
  • 15.368
  • 10.942
  • 2.004
  • 2.795
  • 5.162
  • 620
  • 8
  • 353
  • -949
  • 142.308
(%)
  • 9,8
  • 47,9
  • 24,4
  • 10,8
  • 7,7
  • 1,4
  • 2,0
  • 3,6
  • 0,4
  • 0,0
  • 0,2
  • -0,7
  • 100,0
2009
Ktep.
  • 10.353
  • 63.673
  • 31.104
  • 13.750
  • 12.325
  • 2.257
  • 3.196
  • 5.087
  • 1.058
  • 9
  • 718
  • -697
  • 130.508
(%)
  • 7,9
  • 48,8
  • 23,8
  • 10,5
  • 9,4
  • 1,7
  • 2,4
  • 3,9
  • 0,8
  • 0,0
  • 0,6
  • -0,5
  • 100,0
2010
Ktep.
  • 7.156
  • 60.993
  • 31.182
  • 16.155
  • 15.263
  • 3.636
  • 3.798
  • 5.380
  • 1.413
  • 16
  • 1020
  • -717
  • 130.032
(%)
  • 5,5
  • 46,9
  • 24,0
  • 12,4
  • 11,7
  • 2,8
  • 2,9
  • 4,1
  • 1,1
  • 0,0
  • 0,8
  • -0,6
  • 100,0
2011 (2)
Ktep.
  • 13.045
  • 58.957
  • 28.992
  • 15.029
  • 14.727
  • 3.625
  • 3.617
  • 5.235
  • 1.579
  • 21
  • 1650
  • -525
  • 130.225
(%)
  • 10,0
  • 45,3
  • 22,3
  • 11,5
  • 11,3
  • 2,0
  • 2,8
  • 4,0
  • 1,2
  • 0,0
  • 1,3
  • -0,4
  • 100,0
(1) Includes noncommercial biomass consumed in households, for example.
(2) Provisional data at 1/02/2012


Source: Secretaría de Estado de la Energía. Ministerio de Industria, Energía y Turismo.

The most significant features regarding the behaviour of each energy type in 2011 were:

  • The increase of coal consumption (+82%); mainly the increase of imported coal.
  • The decrease (-3.3%) in oil consumption and, therefore, in petroleum products, as a result of falls in almost all of their end uses.
  • A fall of 7% in natural gas consumption, due mainly to a decrease in demand of cycles and the mild winter temperatures experienced.
  • A drop in nuclear generation (-7%) as a result of increased technical stoppages.
  • A drop in the production of overall renewable energy (-3.5%). Hydropower, wind, biomass and waste production all recorded losses. Geothermal energy and particularly solar energy are estimated to have risen by 62% according to MINETUR (the Spanish Ministry of Industry, Energy and Tourism).

Over 2011, several studies focused on a future energy mix: the 2011–2020 Indicative Energy Plan, the Saving and Energy Efficiency Action Plan, the Renewable Energy Plan (PER), the draft of the document for the 2012–2020 Gas and Electricity Sectors Plan.

PRIMARY ENERGY CONSUMPTION IN SPAIN
% Annual Variation
 
  • Coal
  • Oil
  • Natural gas
  • Renewables
  • Nuclear
  • TOTAL
2003
  • -7,2
  • 2,5
  • 13,3
  • 63,2
  • -1,8
  • 3,0
2004
  • 4,5
  • 2,5
  • 16,0
  • -10,0
  • 2,8
  • 4,4
2005
  • 2,3
  • 1,1
  • 17,6
  • -14,6
  • -9,5
  • 2,7
2006
  • -5,0
  • -1,4
  • 4,1
  • 19,8
  • 4,5
  • -0,9
2007
  • 10,2
  • 0,1
  • 4,3
  • 13,2
  • -8,4
  • 1,7
2008
  • -29,2
  • -3,8
  • 10,1
  • 5,0
  • 7,0
  • -3,6
2009
  • -26,0
  • -6,6
  • -10,5
  • 12,6,0
  • -10,5
  • -8,3
2010
  • -30,9
  • -4,2
  • -0,3
  • 23,8
  • -17,5
  • -0,4
2011
  • 82,3
  • -3,3
  • -7,0
  • -3,5
  • -7,0
  • 0,1
PRIMARY ENERGY CONSUMPTION IN SPAIN.
Percentage distribution
 
  • Coal
  • Oil
  • Natural gas
  • Renewables
  • Nuclear
  • Electrical Balance (Im-Ex)
  • TOTAL
1990
  • 21,6
  • 54,2
  • 5,7
  • 2,5
  • 16,1
  • 0,0
  • 100,0
1995
  • 19,2
  • 55,9
  • 7,7
  • 2,0
  • 14,8
  • 0,4
  • 100,0
2000
  • 18,4
  • 53,1
  • 12,5
  • 2,4
  • 13,3
  • 0,3
  • 100,0
2005
  • 15,9
  • 50,6
  • 20,5
  • 2,5
  • 10,6
  • -0,1
  • 100,0
2008
  • 9,8
  • 47,9
  • 24,4
  • 7,7
  • 10,8
  • -0,7
  • 100,0
2009
  • 7,9
  • 48,8
  • 23,8
  • 9,4
  • 10,5
  • -0,5
  • 100,0
2010
  • 7,9
  • 49,4
  • 24,6
  • 6,5
  • 12,2
  • -0,6
  • 100,0
2011
  • 10,0
  • 45,3
  • 22,3
  • 11,3
  • 11,5
  • -0,4
  • 100,0

 

LEveL OF ENERGY SELF-SUFFICIENCY IN SPAIN (%) (1)
 
  • Coal
  • Oil
  • Natural Gas
  • TOTAL (3)
1985
  • 67,5
  • 5,5
  • 13,0
  • 35,9
1990
  • 60,7
  • 1,7
  • 24,6
  • 34,0
1995
  • 53,1
  • 1,2
  • 7,2
  • 28,2
2000
  • 39,6
  • 0,3
  • 1,0
  • 23,3
2005
  • 35,3
  • 0,2
  • 0,5
  • 18,9
2007
  • 33,7
  • 0,2
  • 0,0
  • 18,7
2008
  • 37,9
  • 0,2
  • 0,0
  • 19,1
2009
  • 46,2
  • 0,2
  • 0,0
  • 20,2
2010
  • 42,4
  • 0,2
  • 0,2
  • 26,6
2011 (2)
  • 17,0
  • 0,2
  • 0,2
  • 24,7
(1) Ratio of domestic output to total primary energy consumption.
(2) Provisional data at 1/2/2012
(3) Out of the Total, including nuclear, hydraulic and other renewable energy sources, with 100% Spanish supply allocation.

Source: Secretaría de Estado de Energía. Ministerio de Industria, Energía y Turismo.
DOMESTIC ENERGY OUTPUT IN SPAIN (1)
Thousands of Toe
 
 
  • Coal
  • Oil
  • Natural gas
  • Nuclear
  • Renewable Energy
  • TOTAL
2007
Ktep
  • 5.865
  • 143
  • 16
  • 14.360
  • 9.966
  • 30.350
%
  • 19,3
  • 0,5
  • 0,1
  • 47,3
  • 32,8
  • 100,0
2008
Ktep
  • 4.374
  • 127
  • 14
  • 15.368
  • 10.942
  • 30.825
%
  • 14,2
  • 0,4
  • 0,0
  • 49.9
  • 35,5
  • 100,0
2009
Ktep
  • 3.778
  • 107
  • 12
  • 13.750
  • 12.326
  • 29.973
%
  • 12,6
  • 0,4
  • 0,0
  • 45,9
  • 41,1
  • 100,0
2010
Ktep
  • 3.033
  • 125
  • 51
  • 16.155
  • 15.263
  • 34.627
%
  • 8,8
  • 0,4
  • 0,1
  • 46,7
  • 44,1
  • 100,0
2011
Ktep
  • 2.221
  • 102
  • 49
  • 15.029
  • 14.727
  • 32.128
%
  • 6,9
  • 0,3
  • 0,2
  • 46,8
  • 45,8
  • 100,0
(1) Provisional data at 1.2.2012

Source: Secretaría de Estado de Energía. Ministerio de Industria, Energía y Turismo.

The Saving and Energy Efficiency Action Plan was sent to Brussels in July 2011, in accordance with Directive 2006/32/EC2 of the European Parliament and the Council, of 5 April 2006.
Primary and end-use energy savings suggested in this document are consistent with the scenarios of primary and end-use energy consumption incorporated in the Indicative Energy Plan outlined in Article 79 of the Sustainable Economy Act 2/2011 and in other planning instruments concerning renewable energy.

Spain is one of the main world leaders in renewable energy, with over 22 GW of installed wind capacity (fourth in the world behind China, the USA and Germany), over 4 GW in photovoltaic energy and more than 1,000 MW in solar thermal energy.

Renewable energy fell slightly as regards its market share among primary energy sources to 11.3%.
In keeping with the aforementioned increase in coal consumption as a primary energy source, this energy share grew to 10% in 2011.
Oil is slowly but surely developing a slight downward trend as regards the share (45% in 2011) it represents within the Spanish energy mix, already under 50% over the past few years.

ENERGY CONSUMPTION PER CAPITA IN THE EU AND SPAIN. PRIMARY ENERGY.Kgoe
EUROPEAN UNION (EU 25 in 1985 and UE 27 others)
SPAIN
 
  • OF FINAL ENERGY
1985
  • 3.461
2000
  • 3.550
2005
  • 3.716
2009
  • 3.398
  •  
1985
  • 1.924
2000
  • 3.064
2005
  • 3.360
2009
  • 2.8314
Source: Energy. Yearly Statistics 2009 and Energy Balance Sheets 2008-2009. Eurostat. 2011. Prepared by Sedigas.
Annual Report 2010
  • Gas Natural
Annual Report 2.010: Sedigas - The Spanish Gas Association