Sedigas - Annual Report 2.010

The international energy situation > Energy consumption

Energy consumption

In 2010, developed countries' decline in energy consumption became even more intense.Within the European Union, initial estimates for 2010 indicate that energy consumption climbed 2% between 2009 and 2010.

Oil remains the European Union’s main primary energy source, with a 35% share. Natural gas slides into second place, with a share that could come close to 26% of the EU’s primary energy consumption in 2010.

Hydrocarbons, altogether, satisfied 88% of the world’s energy needs in 2010. Natural gas’s share in 2010’s global energy consumption may reach 24.5%.

In terms of end-use energy consumption, the residential-commercial market continues to hold top position, with a rounded share of 40%. Transport continues its gradual upward trend, with a 32% share this past year. This progress comes at the expense of the industrial sector, within the percentage breakdown of sectoral energy consumption. This pattern is the result of Europe’s limited specialisation in high-energy industry, increased efficiency and, furthermore, the European population’s heightened mobility.

WORLD PRIMARY ENERGY CONSUMPTION (1)

Coal
Oil
Natural gas
Nuclear (3)
Hydroelec.(4)
WORLD TOTAL
OECD

1995

10⁶ Tep.

2.258,3
3.235,4
1.913,2
600,0
216,6
8.223,5
4.770,1

27,5
39,3
23,3
7,3
2,6
100,0
58,0

2000

10⁶ Tep.

2.337,6
3.562,1
2.175,7
584,3
601,1
9.259,8
5.352,4

25,2
38,5
23,5
6,3
6,5
100,0
57,8

2005

10⁶ Tep.

2.904,0
3.877,8
2.498,3
626,8
658,5
10.565,4
5.545,8

27,5
36,7
23,6
5,9
6,2
100,0
52,5

2009

10⁶ Tep.

3.278,3
3.882,1
2.653,1
610,5
740,3
11.164,3
5.217,1

29,4
34,8
23,8
5,5
6,6
100,0
46,7

2010 (2)

10⁶ Tep.

3.409
3.951
2.812
620
745
11.537
5.295

29,4
34,2
24,4
5,4
6,5
100,0
45,9

(1) Covers only energy is sold.
(2) Estimate
(3) (4) Calculation methodology modified by BP from its June 2002 report onwards. The new methodology (applied to every year of the series) assumes a value for nuclear and hydroelectric primary energy in terms equivalent to the energy required to generate the same quantity of electricity at a conventional power station, assuming a conversion efficiency of 38%.
Previously hydroelectric generation was considered as primary energy equivalent to the electricity produced, while for nuclear energy the efficiency factor used in the conversion was 33%.
One of the consequences of this change in a methodology is an increase in the total consumption of primary energy in every area and a reduction of the relative weighting of other energy sources, including natural gas.
This new methodology employed by BP is not used by Eurostat or the IEA, which, for hydroelectric and nuclear power, equate energy output at terminals to primary energy.
Source: BP Statistical Review of World Energy, Monthly Natural Gas Survey (IEA), Monthly Oil Survey (IEA) and prepared by Sedigas.

Within the realm of electricity generation, nuclear energy and coal move into the top two positions as the European Union's most used energy sources. Nuclear energy's strong presence in France is a determining factor in this situation.

STRUCTURE AND TOTAL CONSUMPTION OF PRIMARY ENERGY

BY GEOGRAPHICAL AREA AND SELECTED COUNTRIES. 2009

North America
USA
Canada
Central and Sur America
Argentina
Brazil
Mexico
Venezuela
Chile
Colombia
Europe
Germany
Austria
Belgium and Luxembourg
Bulgaria
Denmark
Spain
Finland
France
Greece
Ireland
Italy
Netherlands
Poland
Portugal
United Kingdom
Czech Republic
Romania
Sweden
CIS
Russian Fed.
Ukraine
Middle East
Iran
Saudi Arabia
Kuwait
UAE
Africa
South Africa
Egypt
Algeria
China and India
Australia
South Korea
China
India
Japan
Indonesia
TOTAL WORLD
OCDE

Oil

37,6
38,6
30,4
47,0
30,5
46,2
52,4
37,2
54,8
30,3
40,2
39,3
43,3
55,4
25,4
50,6
50,4
39,4
36,2
61,8
58,0
45,9
52,9
27,6
57,6
37,4
24,4
28,6
31,8
20,2
19,7
12,5
51,0
40,8
63,6
61,3
29,1
40,0
19,2
44,2
37,5
29,1
35,8
43,9
18,6
31,7
42,6
48,4
34,8
39,7

Natural gas

26,9
27,0
26,7
25,3
53,0
8,1
38,4
36,4
10,7
26,9
25,2
24,2
28,0
22,4
12,7
24,7
24,6
12,7
15,9
9,2
31,2
39,4
37,5
13,3
17,4
39,2
18,6
35,3
2,3
50,9
55,2
37,5
47,2
57,9
36,4
38,7
70,9
23,4
0,0
50,3
60,5
10,8
19,4
12,8
3,7
10,0
17,0
25,7
23,8
25,0

Coal

21,0
22,8
8,3
4,0
1,5
5,2
4,2
0,0
14,6
10,7
16,2
24,5
7,7
6,6
36,4
24,7
9,5
14,7
4,2
24,2
9,4
8,2
8,5
58,3
16,1
14,9
39,8
17,9
3,7
16,9
13,0
31,1
1,4
0,7
0,0
0,0
0,0
29,7
78,5
1,4
1,8
51,9
42,6
28,9
70,6
52,4
23,5
23,8
29,4
19,9

Nuclear

8,4
8,7
6,4
1,0
2,5
1,3
1,3
0,0
0,0
0,0
11,7
10,5
0,0
15,4
20,2
0,0
10,8
21,5
38,4
0,0
0,0
0,0
1,1
0,0
0,0
7,9
15,4
7,8
27,6
5,8
5,8
16,5
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,7
2,1
0,0
0,0
3,0
0,0
14,1
0,7
0,8
13,4
0,0
5,5
9,7

Hidro.

6,1
2,9
28,3
22,6
12,6
39,2
3,7
26,5
19,9
32,1
6,8
1,4
21,0
0,1
5,2
0,0
4,7
11,6
5,4
4,9
1,4
6,4
0,0
0,8
8,9
0,6
1,8
10,4
34,6
6,2
6,3
2,4
0,4
0,6
0,0
0,0
0,0
6,1
0,2
4,1
0,3
5,2
2,2
0,3
6,4
5,1
3,6
2,1
6,6
5,7

100,0
100,0
100,0
100,0
100,0
100,0
100,0
100,0
100,0
100,0
100,0
100,0
100,0
100,0
100,0
100,0
100,0
100,0
100,0
100,0
100,0
100,0
100,0
100,0
100,0
100,0
100,0
100,0
100,0
100,0
100,0
100,0
100,0
100,0
100,0
100,0
100,0
100,0
100,0
100,0
100,0
100,0
100,0
100,0
100,0
100,0
100,0
100,0
100,0
100,0

10⁶ Toe.

2.501,2
2.182,0
319,2
726,1
73,2
225,7
163,3
73,7
28,1
29,0
1.774,8
289,8
30,0
69,5
17,3
16,2
126,5
25,1
242,0
32,7
13,8
163,5
93,3
92,4
22,4
198,9
39,7
34,6
43,1
995,3
635,3
112,7
658,9
204,8
191,5
31,3
75,0
360,8
126,6
76,2
39,7
4.147,1
119,2
237,4
2.177,0
468,83
463,9
128,2
11.164,2
5.217,1

(1) La publicación de BP sólo considera energías comercializadas, con respaldo documental. Tampoco incluye electricidad generada por placas solares, eólica, fotovoltaica y geotérmica.

Source: BP Statistical Review of World Energy and prepared by Sedigas. .

Natural gas constitutes the third largest end-use consumption energy source, with a 23% share. In 2005, its share came to 20%.

Wind energy now provides more than 3.5% of the electricity consumed in Europe, a 1.4 point increase over the last three years.

The US is developing eight new reactors that will be operational towards the end of the current decade. According to the German Government, extending the German plants’ expected 32-year lifespan by between 8 and 14 years aims to ensure the electrical supply, reduce CO2 emissions and facilitate the development of renewable energy. In the United Kingdom, the new nuclear power stations will commence operations in 2018, many in the same location as current stations. Finland has approved the construction of two new reactors. Other countries have followed suit: Japan plans to have eight operational power stations by 2020 and at least six more by 2030. Northern Poland will play home to the country’s first plant.

As in recent years, the promotion of renewable energy sources remains an extremely prominent energy policy target, hence the fact its share in total energy consumption continues to rise.

China's expanding economic growth and its subsequent energy increase (the demand for electricity increases 15% each year) are positioning this country as a leader in several energy-related aspects.

PRIMARY ENERGY CONSUMPTION IN THE EUROPEAN UNION.

Coal
Oil
Natural gas
Nuclear
Renewable
TOTAL

2006

10⁶ Tep.

325,1
674,2
438,0
255,3
129,1
1.821,7

17,8
37,0
24,0
14,0
7,1
100,0

2007

10⁶ Tep.

329,1
658,6
432,5
241,3
143,1
1.804,6

18,2
36,5
24,0
13,4
7,9
100,0

2008

10⁶ Tep.

307,5
638,3
440,0
228,6
146,8
1.761,2

17,5
36,2
25,0
13,0
8,3
100,0

2009 (1)

10⁶ Tep.

268,5
590
414
222
150
1.644,7

16,3
35,9
25,2
13,5
9,1
100,0

2010 (2)

10⁶ Tep.

265
602
437
225
165
1.694,1

15,6
35,5
25,8
13,3
9,7
100,0

(1) Provisional data obtained from Statistics in Focus. Eurostat. European Commission.
(2) Estimate.

Source: Energy Yearly Statistics 2008 and Statistics in Focus. Eurostat. European Commission. Luxembourg. 2010; Eurogas; Monthy Oil Survey (IEA) and prepared by Sedigas.

Many countries are also in the construction phase of harnessing power from new renewable energy sources. Offshore wind energy is beginning to yield commendable results. The United Kingdom, for example, launched the world’s largest wind farm in late September, with one-hundred turbines located 11km off the Kent shoreline. Four years from now, the Thanet farm is expected to feature some 341 turbines.

The World LGP Congress was held in October. Within said forum, representatives from all energy sources concurred that all forms of energy are needed to forge a balanced future energy structure.

IBERDROLA

EUROPEAN UNION. FINAL ENERGY CONSUMPTION BY SECTOR. EU 27

Industry
Transport
Residential-Commerc.
TOTAL

2004

10⁶ Tep

336,7
362,1
482,4
1.181,2

28,5
30,7
40,8
100,0

2005

10⁶ Tep

332,3
364,7
485,4
1.182,4

28,1
30,8
41,1
100,0

2006

10⁶ Tep

328,3
372,2
485,6
1.186,1

27,7
31,4
40,9
100,0

2007

10⁶ Tep

330,6
376,8
457,4
1.164,8

28,4
32,3
39,3
100,0

2008

10⁶ Tep

317,9
374,3
476,5
1.168,7

27,2
32,0
40,8
100,0

Source: Energy Yearly Statistics 2008. Eurostat. European Commission. Luxembourg. 2010.Prepared by Sedigas.

EUROPEAN UNION. PRIMARY ENERGY EMPLOYED IN ELECTRICAL GENERATION. EU 27(1)

(GWh generated)

Coal
Oil Products
Natural gas
Hydraulic
Nuclear
Other (2)
Where wind:
TOTAL

2005

GWh

969.245
139.123
661.589
341.744
997.699
201.002
70.485
3.310.402

29,3
4,2
20,0
10,3
30,1
6,1
- -
100,0

2006

GWh

986.968
131.932
681.668
344.348
989.877
218.721
82.306
3.353.514

29,4
3,9
20,3
10,3
29,5
6,5
- -
100,0

2007

GWh

961.617
110.030
733.291
344.236
935.277
283.241
104.337
3.367.692

28,6
3,3
21,8
10,3
27,8
8,4
- -
100,0

2008

GWh

901.268
104.498
774.773
359.185
937.236
297.222
118.733
3.374.182

26,7
3,1
23,0
10,6
27,8
8,8
- -
100,0

(1) Gross output at terminals. Includes electrical output sold by self-producers.
(2) Wind, solar, geothermal, derivative gases, biomass and urban and industrial waste.

Source: Energy Yearly Statistics 2008. Eurostat. European Commission. Luxembourg. 2010. Prepared by Sedigas.

NATURGAS
ENDESA

Annual Report 2.010: Sedigas - The Spanish Gas Association